Qualys Vulnerability Management

Qualys Vulnerability Management (VM) is a vulnerability scanning tool that scans hosts and generates vulnerabilities against those hosts. You can bring these findings into Brinqa to construct a unified view of your attack surface and strengthen your cybersecurity posture.

This document details the information you must provide for the connector to authenticate with Qualys Vulnerability Management and how to obtain that information from Qualys. See create a data integration for step-by-step instructions on setting up the integration.

Required connection settings

When setting up a data integration, select Qualys Vulnerability Management from the Connector drop-down. If you cannot find the connector in the drop-down, make sure that you have installed it first. You must provide the following information to authenticate Qualys Vulnerability Management with Brinqa:

• API Server URL: The Qualys API Server URL. For information on how to determine your Qualys API URL, see Qualys documentation.

• Username and Password: The username and password associated with the Qualys user, which must have permissions to log in to the API server and return data.

Create a Qualys user

To ensure the user account that the Qualys VM connector uses to access the Qualys server has the appropriate permissions, follow these steps.

1. Log in to your organization's Qualys server.

2. Navigate to Users, and then select the Users tab.

3. Click New and select User. The New User dialog displays.

   

4. Fill out the general information for the new user.

5. Click User Role on the left menu.

   • From the User Role drop-down, select Reader.

   • Select GUI and API to enable API access, and leave Business Unit Unassigned.

     note

     GUI access allows the user to log in to the Qualys GUI (graphical user interface). After you create the new Qualys user, log in to the Qualys GUI using the new credentials. The system prompts the user to reset their password. The Qualys connector will not function until you complete the password reset.

     

6. Click Asset Groups.

   • From the Add asset groups drop-down, select All or only the asset groups the Qualys user needs access to.

7. Click Permissions and select all of the available permissions.

8. Click Options to modify the notification options as needed.

9. Click Save.

The new Qualys user with appropriate permissions to retrieve data displays on the Qualys Users page.

If you do not wish to create a new Qualys user, you can leverage an existing user with the appropriate permissions.

note

If you do not have permissions to create a new Qualys user, contact your Qualys administrator. For additional information, see Qualys documentation.

Enable CVSS scoring in Qualys

To ensure that the Qualys VM connector accurately retrieves CVSS scoring information, including Temporal Scores, from your Qualys environment, you must enable a specific setting in Qualys. This setting is not enabled by default. To enable this setting, follow these steps:

1. Log in to your organization's Qualys server.

2. Navigate to Vulnerability Management > Reports.

3. Click the Setup tab and then click CVSS.

   

   The CVSS Setup window displays.

4. Click Enable CVSS Scoring and then click Save.

   

Additional settings

The Qualys Vulnerability Management connector contains additional options for specific configuration:

• Page size: The maximum number of records to get per API request. The default setting is 100. It is not recommended to go over 100.

• Parallel requests: The maximum number of parallel API requests. The default setting is 2.

• Maximum retries: The maximum number of times that the integration attempts to connect to the Qualys API before giving up and reporting a failure. The default setting is 5.

• Request timeout (secs): The maximum time allotted, in seconds, before a request times out. The default setting is 120 seconds. Although it is not recommended, you can also enter zero (0) to disable timeouts.

Types of data to retrieve

The Qualys Vulnerability Management connector can retrieve the following types of data from the Qualys API:

Table 1: Data retrieved from Qualys

Connector Object	Required	Maps to Data Model
Host	Yes	Host
Vulnerability	Yes	Vulnerability
Vulnerability Definition	Yes	Vulnerability Definition

info

For detailed steps on how to view the data retrieved from Qualys VM in the Brinqa Platform, see How to view your data.

Attribute mappings

Expand the sections below to view the mappings between the source and the Brinqa data model attributes.

Host

Table 2: Host attribute mappings

Source Field Name	Maps to Attribute
accountId	Local variable
availability zone	Local variable
categories/asset category	categories
first discovered	firstSeen
getName	name
host.getAGENTSTATUS	Local variable
host.getARSFACTORS.getARSFORMULA	Local variable
host.getASSETCRITICALITYSCORE	Local variable
host.getASSETRISKSCORE	Local variable
host.getASSETID	Local variable
host.getCLOUDAGENTRUNNINGON	Local variable
host.getCLOUDPROVIDER	Local variable
host.getCLOUDPROVIDERTAGS	Local variable
host.getCLOUDRESOURCEID	instanceId
host.getCLOUDSERVICE	Local variable
host.getDNSDATA.getDOMAIN	Local variable
host.getDNSDATA.getFQDN	publicDnsNames, privateDnsNames
host.getHARDWAREUUID	Local variable
host.getID	uid
host.getIP	publicIpAddresses
host.getLASTVMAUTHSCANNEDDATE	Local variable
host.getLASTVULNSCANDATETIME	lastScanned, lastSeen
host.getNETBIOS	hostnames
host.getOS	description
host.getOWNER	Local variable
host.getQGHOSTID	Local variable
host.getTRACKINGMETHOD	Local variable
host.getTRURISKSCORE	Local variable
host.getTRURISKSCOREFACTORS().getTRURISKSCOREFORMULA	Local variable
host.getASSETCRITICALITYSCORE	Local variable
host.getARSFACTORS.getARSFORMULA	Local variable
hostnames	hostnames
host.getCLOUDPROVIDERTAGS	Local variable
host.getOS	description
host.getNETBIOS	hostname
host.getDNSDATA.getDOMAIN	domain
host.getLASTVMAUTHSCANNEDDATE	lastAuthScanned
host.getARSFACTORS.getARSFORMULA	arsFormula
host.getDNSDATA.getDOMAIN	domain
host.getOS	operatingSystem
host.getDNSDATA.getDOMAIN	domain
instance id	instanceId
instance state	status
instance type	Local variable
ipv6	Local variable
location	Local variable
local hostname	privateDnsNames
mac	Local variable
name	Local variable
network	Local variable
os type	Local variable
port	Local variable
private ip	Local variable
private ipv4	Local variable
project id	Local variable
protocol	Local variable
public hostname	publicDnsNames
public ip	Local variable
public ipv4	publicIpAddresses
region	Local variable
resource group name	Local variable
scan type	Local variable
security group	Local variable
state	status
subnet	Local variable
subscription id	Local variable
target	Local variable
type	Local variable
uuid	uid
vm id	instanceId
zone	Local variable

Vulnerability

Table 3: Vulnerability attribute mappings

Source Field Name	Maps to Attribute
detection.getAFFECTEXPLOITABLECONFIG	Local variable
detection.getAFFECTRUNNINGKERNEL	Local variable
detection.getAFFECTRUNNINGSERVICE	Local variable
detection.getFIRSTFOUNDDATETIME	firstFound
detection.getFIRSTREOPENEDDATETIME	Local variable
detection.getLASTFIXEDDATETIME	lastFixed
detection.getLASTFOUNDDATETIME	lastFound
detection.getLASTREOPENEDDATETIME	Local variable
detection.getLASTTESTDATETIME	lastScanned
detection.getLASTUPDATEDATETIME	sourceLastModified
detection.getRESULTS	results
detection.getSTATUS	status
detection.getTIMESFOUND	timesFound
detection.getTIMESREOPENED	Local variable
detection.getTYPE	Local variable
host.getDNS	publicDnsNames
host.getID	targets
host.getIP	ipAddresses
host.getNETBIOS	hostnames
host.getQGHOSTID	Local variable
is disabled	Local variable
is ignored	Local variable
mac address	macAddresses
port	port
protocol	protocol
severity	severity
service	service
ssl	Local variable
status category	statusCategory
type	type
uid	uid

Vulnerability Definition

Table 4: Vulnerability Definition attribute mappings

Source Field Name	Maps to Attribute
cvssv2.getAttackComplexity	cvssV2AccessComplexity
cvssv2.getAvailability	cvssV2AvailabilityImpact
cvssv2.getAuthentication	cvssV2Authentication
cvssv2.getAttackVector	cvssV2AttackVector
cvssv2.getConfidentiality	cvssV2ConfidentialityImpact
cvssv2.getExploitability	cvssV2Exploitability
cvssv2.getIntegrity	cvssV2IntegrityImpact
cvssv2.getReportConfidence	cvssV2ReportConfidence
cvssv2.getRemediationLevel	cvssV2RemediationLevel
cvssv2.getSeverity	cvssV2Severity
cvssv3.getAttackComplexity	cvssV3AccessComplexity
cvssv3.getAvailability	cvssV3AvailabilityImpact
cvssv3.getAttackVector	cvssV3AttackVector
cvssv3.getConfidentiality	cvssV3ConfidentialityImpact
cvssv3.getExploitability	cvssV3ExploitCodeMaturity
cvssv3.getIntegrity	cvssV3IntegrityImpact
cvssv3.getPrivilegesRequired	cvssV3PrivilegesRequired
cvssv3.getReportConfidence	cvssV3ReportConfidence
cvssv3.getRemediationLevel	cvssV3RemediationLevel
cvssv3.getUserInteraction	cvssV3UserInteraction
discovery.getREMOTE	Local variable
getAffectedSoftware.vuln.getSOFTWARELIST	affected
getBugTracIds.vuln.getBUGTRAQLIST	Local variable
getComplianceTypes.vuln.getCOMPLIANCELIST	Local variable
getDiscoveryAuthTypes(discovery.getAUTHTYPELIST	Local variable
getExploits.vuln.getCORRELATION	exploits
getMalwares.vuln.getCORRELATION	malware
getPCIReasons.vuln.getPCIREASONS	Local variable
getThreatIndicators.vuln.getTHREATINTELLIGENCE	Local variable
getVendorReferences.vuln.getVENDORREFERENCELIST	references
uid	uid
vuln.getCATEGORY	categories
vuln.getCVSS.getBASE	cvssV2BaseScore, cvssV3BaseScore
vuln.getCVSS.getTEMPORAL	cvssV2TemporalScore, cvssV3TemporalScore
vuln.getCVSS.getVECTORSTRING	cvssV2Vector, cvssV3Vector
vuln.getCONSEQUENCE	summary
vuln.getDIAGNOSIS	description
vuln.getLASTSERVICEMODIFICATIONDATETIME	sourceLastModified
vuln.getPATCHABLE	patchAvailable
vuln.getPUBLISHEDDATETIME	publishedDate
vuln.getSEVERITYLEVEL	severity, severityScore, sourceSeverity
vuln.getSOLUTION	recommendation
vuln.getTITLE	name
vuln.getVULNTYPE	Local variable

note

Local variable indicates that the field is processed within a specific context, such as a particular workflow or calculation. Unlike other attributes, local variables aren't mapped to the unified data models. They only exist on the source data model.

Operation options

The Qualys VM connector supports the following operation options. See connector operation options for information about how to apply them.

Expand the sections below to view the supported operation options for each connector object:

Host

Table 5: Host operation options

Connector Object	Option	All Possible Values	Description	Example
Host	host_metadata	all, azure, ec2, google	Retrieve host metadata for all cloud providers (Azure, EC2, Google) or only the specified cloud providers.	Key: host_metadata Value: all. This key and value combination retrieves metadata for hosts from all your cloud providers.
	ips	Any IP addresses or ranges	You can use this option to retrieve specific hosts from Qualys by the specified IP addresses. You can use either a comma-separated list or specify a range with a dash.	Key: ips Value: 10.10.10.1-10.10.10.100. This key and value combination only retrieves hosts associated with the specified range of IP addresses.

note

For additional information on on the supported operation options and parameters, see Qualys documentation.

Vulnerability

Table 6: Vulnerability operation options

Connector Object	Option	All Possible Values	Description	Example
Vulnerability	arf_kernel_filter	0, 1, 2, 3, 4	You can use this option to filter vulnerabilities on Linux kernels. For additional information, see Qualys documentation.	Key: arf_kernel_filter Value: 3. This key and value combination only retrieves exploitable kernel related vulnerabilities.
	ids	Any valid host ID or range	You can use this option to filter vulnerabilities by specific host IDs or ranges. Multiple host IDs or ranges can be specified as a comma-separated list. Specify a host ID range using a hyphen (for example: 190-400). For additional information, see Qualys documentation.	Key: ids Value: 123,200-250. This key and value combination retrieves vulnerabilities for the specified host IDs or ranges.
	ips	Any valid IP address or range	You can use this option to filter vulnerabilities by specific IP addresses or ranges. Multiple IP addresses or ranges can be specified as a comma-separated list. Specify an IP range using a hyphen (for example: 10.10.10.1-10.10.10.100). For additional information, see Qualys documentation.	Key: ips Value: 10.10.10.1,10.10.10.5-10.10.10.10. This key and value combination retrieves vulnerabilities for the specified IP addresses or ranges.
	qds_max	Any Qualys Detection Score (QDS) value from 1-100	You can use this option to filter vulnerabilities with a QDS value less than equal to the specified value. For additional information on QDS scores, see Qualys documentation.	Key: qds_max Value: 10. This key and value combination only retrieves vulnerabilities with a QDS value less than or equal to 10.
	qds_min	Any QDS value from 1-100	You can use this option to filter vulnerabilities with a QDS value greater than or equal to the specified value. For additional information on QDS scores, see Qualys documentation.	Key: qds_min Value: 90. This key and value combination only retrieves vulnerabilities with a QDS value greater than or equal to 90.
	severities	1, 2, 3, 4, 5	You can use this option to filter vulnerabilities by their severity level. You can use a comma-separated list to retrieve multiple severity levels or a dash to retrieve a range of severity levels. For additional information on severity levels, see Qualys documentation.	Key: severities Value: 4,5. This key and value combination only retrieves vulnerabilities with a severity level of 4 or 5.
	show_qds	0, 1	You can use this option to determine whether the QDS is displayed in the output for each vulnerability record. Specify 1 to show the QDS value for each detection record. Specify 0 if you do not want to show the QDS value.	Key: show_qds Value: 1. This key and value combination displays the QDS value for each vulnerability record.
	status	Active, Fixed, New, Re-Opened	You can use this option to filter vulnerabilities by their status. You can use a comma-separated list statuses. For additional information, see Qualys documentation.	Key: status Value: Active,Re-Opened. This key and value combination only retrieves active and re-opened vulnerabilities.

note

For additional information on on the supported operation options and parameters, see Qualys documentation.

note

The option keys and values are case-sensitive as they are shown in this documentation

APIs

The Qualys VM connector uses the Qualys VM API v2. Specifically, it uses the following endpoints:

Table 7: Qualys VM API Endpoints

Connector Object	API Endpoint
Host	GET /api/2.0/fo/asset/host/
Vulnerability	GET /api/2.0/fo/asset/host/vm/detection
Vulnerability Definition	POST /api/2.0/fo/knowledge_base/vuln/

Changelog

The Qualys VM connector has undergone the following changes:

Table 8: Qualys VM connector changelog

Version	Description
5.3.9	Fixed the following data type mismatches: Changed the ASSET_ID attribute type on the Host object from string to long. Changed the QDS_SCORE attributes on the Vulnerability object from string to long.
5.3.8	No change.
5.3.7	No change.
5.3.6	Fixed an issue where the Vulnerability Definition object sync was failing due to a NullPointerException error.
5.3.5	Added a new additional setting to help prevent sync failures due to default timeout limits: Request timeout.
5.3.4	Changed the ASSET_ID attribute type on the Host object from integer to string.
5.3.3	No change.
5.3.2	- Added support for Data lifecycle management to the Host and Vulnerability objects. - Added the following attributes to the Host object: HOST_NAMES INSTANCE_ID MAC_ADDRESSES PUBLIC_DNS_NAMES PUBLIC_IP_ADDRESSES SERIAL_NUMBER UID - Added the PROVIDER_STATUS attribute to the Vulnerability object.
5.2.4	Added the following attributes on the Host object so it can utilize the TruRisk attribute from Qualys: AGENT_STATUS CLOUD_AGENT_RUNNING_ON FIRST_SEEN HARDWARE_ID LAST_ACTIVITY LAST_RESTART_OR_BOOT SERIAL_NUMBER TRURISK_SCORE TRURISK_SCORE_FORMULA
5.2.3	Added the following attributes on the Vulnerability object to retrieve the Qualys Detection Score: QDS_FACTORS QDS_SCORE QDS_SEVERITY
5.2.2	Changed the SOURCE_SEVERITY attribute on the Vulnerability Definition object to SOURCE_SEVERITY_SCORE.
5.2.1	Changed the SOURCE_SEVERITY attribute on the Vulnerability object to SOURCE_SEVERITY_SCORE.
5.1.11	Added the NETWORK_ID attribute on the Host object.
5.1.10	Updated dependencies.
5.1.8	Added asset risk score (ARS) related operation options such as ars_max, ars_min, show_ars, and show_ars_factors for the Host connector object.
5.1.5	Added checks for null Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) vectors.
5.1.3	Updated to trim trailing spaces from the CVE IDs present in certain vulnerability definitions.
5.0.18	Added a SEVERITY_SCORE attribute in the Vulnerability Definition object.
5.0.14	Added UID as identifier for all connector objects.
5.0.13	Replaced the CATEGORY attribute with CATEGORIES in the Vulnerability Definition object.
5.0.12	Replaced the CATEGORY attribute with CATEGORIES in the Host object.
5.0.10	Stopped using IP_ADDRESS as identifier for hosts or vulnerabilities.
5.0.4	Replaced the Finding Definition object with Vulnerability Definition.
5.0.0	Initial Integration+ release.